As far as I know, you cannot plot enumeration literals on a time series chart. However, you can bind an enumeration value type to an integer value type, and then plot that integer. This solution is similar to the one covered by MBSE Execution
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hyBh7riHJO8.
Create an integer value type which will correspond to the values in your enumeration.
Define a constraint block, which contains the logic (your choice) you will use to make your mapping (case, if-else, ternary).
*important* Create your parameters for the constraint, but instead of typing the parameter, which will correspond to the enumeration as the same enumeration type, just type it as a String. This is important. For some reason you can't get any language (I tried almost all of them) to use comparison operators on enumeration literals. You must mismatch the constraint parameter bound to the enumeration literals, making it a string, in order for the comparison logic to work.
Now, in the element of definition using your enumeration literal, add the constraint property you just defined (and also don't forget to add an integer value property, which will serve as the enum literal's proxy), and then bind the constraint to your value properties in a parametric diagram. When Cameo warns you about the mismatch, just ignore.
Now you can see your enumeration literals change on your time series plot!